Review articleExercise in bipolar patients: A systematic review
Section snippets
Background
Bipolar disorder is a chronic psychiatric condition associated with severe disability, high mortality rates and increased demand for health services (Anderson et al., 2012, Price and Marzani-Nissen, 2012) whose therapy generally is based on pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions (Geddes and Miklowitz, 2013, Kendall et al., 2014, McCormick et al., 2015).
Physical activity is frequently indicated for the prevention and treatment of various mental disorders (Moylan et al., 2013, Ten
Search strategies
Two researchers performed an electronic search of PubMed and Cochrane Library. The following keywords were used: ‘physical activity’ or ‘sedentary’ or ‘physical exercise’ and ‘bipolar disorder’ or ‘mania’ or ‘bipolar depression’. Manual searches were also conducted, using reference lists from identified articles.
We included all articles published since 1995 Jan until 2016 Jan evaluating the relationship between bipolar disorder and physical exercise. Reviews, case reports, conference abstracts,
Study selection
The initial electronic database search yielded 1671 hits. Five records were found from the reference list of identified studies. Initially, 1676 articles were included. After careful examination, 1542 were excluded: 115 were duplicated; 673 focused on other conditions; 182 referred to animal experiments and 572 were case reports, conference abstracts, and expert's opinions. Thereafter, 94 articles were removed: 8 were unavailable in English language; 1 was not located; 11 were reviews; 47
Discussion
This review shows that evidence about the effects of physical activity on bipolar disorder is scarce. The majority of studies are cross-sectional evaluations of patients compared, or not, to controls. Only three prospective cohorts were reported in this review. However, neither of them evaluated the effects of physical activity on symptoms, quality of life and functioning. Two intervention studies evaluated the effects of a combined therapy including nutrition, physical activity and lifestyle.
Role of the funding source
The authors do not have a financial relation with a commercial entity that has an interest in the content of this paper.
Declaration of interest
The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.
Contributors
MCAM conceived and designed the study, collected data and analyzed data. EDFD, SGCA and VMSB contributed to the conception and design of the study. All authors contributed to the drafting, and revisions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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2022, Mental Health and Physical ActivityCitation Excerpt :While there are potential benefits of aerobic exercise training for adults with BD (Sá Filho et al., 2020) and schizophrenia (Firth et al., 2017; Sá Filho et al., 2020), our previous work demonstrates how benefits of aerobic exercise are explicit after a single session, signaling the potential benefits of continued aerobic exercise for youth with BD. Despite numerous review articles on the topic of physical activity for BD (Lin & Liu, 2019; Melo, Daher, Albuquerque, & de Bruin, 2016; Vancampfort, Firth, et al., 2017), there are few original intervention studies that seek to increase physical activity, and no published intervention studies to our knowledge that specifically target CRF in BD. Previous literature has laid groundwork for the feasibility of exercise-related behavior change interventions in related psychiatric populations.
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2021, European Journal of PsychiatryCitation Excerpt :Patients suffering from unipolar depression (UD) or bipolar disorder (BD) have an increased mortality rate compared to the general population, with the standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) being highest for unnatural causes of death, but with overall excess of deaths due to natural causes.1–4 Sedentary lifestyle including lack of exercise has been associated with UD and BD5,6 and influences the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus (DM).7 These risk factors might be resulting in the 20–30% increased risk of CVD in patients diagnosed with BD.8
An online intervention for increasing physical activity in individuals with mood disorders at risk for cardiovascular disease: Design considerations
2021, Journal of Affective DisordersCitation Excerpt :Given the worse outcomes with concurrent major depressive disorder and CVD, interventions that positively impact both conditions are necessary. Interventions aimed at increasing physical activity have yielded positive outcomes in studies of each condition (Kvam et al., 2016; Melo et al., 2016). However, physical activity can be an elusive solution because individuals with CVD or depression find it difficult to adhere to exercise regimens (Pozehl et al., 2014; Piepoli et al., 2011).