Research paperOptical coherence tomography findings in patients with bipolar disorder
Section snippets
Background
Bipolar disorder is a chronic episodic psychiatric disorder that has a worldwide prevalence of 1% and causes severe deterioration of patients’ quality of life and functions including social, occupational and cognitive (Cotrena et al., 2016, Merikangas et al., 2007).
Structural brain abnormalities are detected in patients with bipolar disorder starting from their first episode. Some changes are found to be progressive, such as reduction of brain gray matter in hipppocampus, fusiform gyrus and
Design and subjects
This was a case-control observational study that compared two groups. The first group enrolled 40 patients - ranged from 18 to 55 years old and of both sexes - who have bipolar I disorder according to the criteria of the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). While the second group included 40 psychiatry free subjects who matched the patients in age and sex. Psychiatric diagnoses were excluded in control subjects - who were selected from paramedical
Results
Patients included were 52.5% males and 47.5% females with mean age of 30.90±9.31. Majority of patients were single (52.5%) and (40%) were not working. There was no difference between patients and control subjects in age or gender (Table 1).
Patients showed thinning of RNFL in relation to control subjects in most of the OCT parameters (Fig. 1, Fig. 2). The difference was significant in right side (Rt) average (104.24±7.63 in patients, in controls 121.35±3.98, p<.001 and 95% CI [14.39, 19.84]),
Discussion
Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental disorder in which many factors are implicated in the disease etiology and pathogenesis. Although Different neuroimaging and neuropathological methods have been frequently used to identify specific abnormalities associated with this disorder, there are no clearly defined findings specific to the disorder. Increasing evidence of gray matter loss and ventricular enlargement in bipolar disorder, as observed in chronic psychoses, suggests that genetic factors,
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