Research paperThe joint contribution of maternal history of early adversity and adulthood depression to socioeconomic status and potential relevance for offspring development
Section snippets
. Introduction
Childhood adversity associates with increased risk for later adjustment problems. Childhood maltreatment, for example, predicts a greater risk for depression and anxiety disorders [e.g., (Fergusson et al., 2008, Heim and Nemeroff, 2001, Lansford et al., 2002, Thornberry et al., 2001, Trickett et al., 2001, Widom et al., 2007)]. The link between childhood adversity and depression was confirmed in a prospective cohort study (Widom et al., 2007). Childhood trauma also influences the severity and
Participants and procedures
Our community sample ranged from 230 to 243 mothers, across measures, recruited in Montréal (Québec) and Hamilton (Ontario) at 13–20 weeks gestation from prenatal care clinics at the time of routine ultrasound or through advertisements at hospitals. This group of women (Table 1) constitute a portion of a larger population of mother-child dyads that were part of a longitudinal cohort study (Maternal Adversity, Vulnerability and Neurodevelopment; MAVAN; (O'Donnell et al., 2014)). Eligibility
Results
Analyses yielded a significant interaction between maternal history of early adversity and maternal symptoms of prenatal depression to predict low family income category as assessed prenatally (OR=1.078; p=.002; model χ2(3)=24.432; p<0.001). In the 27 mothers with high levels of both, history of early adversity (score>mean) and clinically relevant symptoms of prenatal depression (score ≥16), 15 had an income below the cut-off for low family income category (55.56%) versus 12 who were above the
Discussion
We examined the contributions of both maternal history of early adversity and maternal symptoms of prenatal depression in prediction of (prenatal) SES. Consistent with our hypotheses, our results showed that higher levels of maternal self-reported depressive symptoms moderated the effects of childhood adversity, such that mothers who reported elevated levels of both adversity and depression were more likely to live with disadvantaged SES as indicated by low family income. These interactive
References (65)
- et al.
The shape of the relationship between income and mortality in the United States: evidence from the National Longitudinal Mortality Study
Ann. Epidemiol.
(1996) - et al.
Relations among perceived parental rearing behaviors, attachment style, and worry in anxious children
J. Anxiety Disord.
(2008) - et al.
Exposure to childhood sexual and physical abuse and adjustment in early adulthood
Child Abus. Negl.
(2008) - et al.
Adolescent's perceptions of parenting behaviours and its relationship to adolescent Generalized Anxiety Disorder symptoms
J. Adolesc.
(2006) - et al.
The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: Preclinical and clinical studies
Biol. Psychiatry
(2001) - et al.
Prenatal maternal depression associates with microstructure of right amygdala in neonates at birth
Biol. Psychiatry
(2013) - et al.
Clinical features of survivors of sexual abuse with major depression
Child Abus. Negl.
(2001) - Achenbach, T.M., Rescorla L.A., 2000. Manual for the ASEBA preschool forms and profiles. University of Vermont...
- et al.
Intergenerational continuity in child maltreatment: mediating mechanisms and implications for prevention
Child Dev.
(2011) - et al.
Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect
Am. J. Psychiatry
(1994)
Childhood adversity, parental vulnerability and disorder: examining inter-generational transmission of risk
J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry
Maternal childhood adversity and child temperament: an association moderated by child 5-HTTLPR genotype
Genes Brain Behav.
Socioeconomic status and child development
Annu Rev. Psychol.
The effects of poverty on children
Future Child
Clinical and psychosocial origins of chronic depressive episodes. I: a community survey
Br. J. Psychiatry
Influence of life stress on depression: Moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene
Science
Developmental psychopathology and disorders of affect
Time trends in adolescent mental health
J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry
Maternal childhood abuse and offspring adjustment over time
Dev. Psychopathol.
An interactionist perspective on the socioeconomic context of human development
Annu Rev. Psychol.
Socioeconomic status and psychiatric disorders: the causation-selection issue
Science
Parents do matter: Trajectories of change in externalizing and internalizing problems in early adolescence
Child Dev.
Schizophrenia and social class
Br. J. Psychiatry
Maternal depression and child psychopathology: a meta-analytic review
Clin. Child Fam. Psych.
Socioeconomic status and the brain: mechanistic insights from human and animal research
Nat. Rev. Neurosci.
Ordinary variations in maternal caregiving influence human infants' stress reactivity
Psychol. Sci.
Child sexual abuse, poor parental care and adult depression: Evidence for different mechanisms
Br. J. Psychiatry
Class—the ignored determinant of the nation's health
N Engl. J. Med.
Premorbid social underachievement in schizophrenia. Results from the Camberwell Collaborative Psychosis Study
Br. J. Psychiatry
The effects of stressful life events on depression
Ann. Rev. Psychol.
Cited by (16)
Impacts on children's health of adverse childhood experiences of their mothers: A gender-specific mediation analysis using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
2023, Journal of Affective DisordersCitation Excerpt :Hypothesis 2, 3, and 4 could be verified. More ACEs caused detrimental consequences in multiple aspects of adulthood (Almuneef et al., 2016; Bouvette-Turcot et al., 2017; Houtepen et al., 2020), which in turn deteriorated the children's health (Egyir et al., 2016; Karaoğlan and Saraçoğlu, 2018). Despite having been examined separately, three mediating variables have not been incorporated into a unified analysis framework and model.
Adverse childhood experiences to adult adversity trends among parents: Socioeconomic, health, and developmental implications
2019, Children and Youth Services ReviewCitation Excerpt :As some adults transition into parenting, their lifetime accumulation of adversities and their consequences are part of the context within which they fulfill parenting roles. As the early accumulation of ACEs is linked to health risk behaviors and poor social, economic and educational outcomes, many parents have to contend with consequences such as greater substance use and smoking, incarceration and/or partner incarceration, exposures to violence, limited economic resources, mental health challenges, and chronic health conditions (Anda et al., 2002; Bouvette-Turcot et al., 2017) in addition to the challenges and stress brought on by parenting. In turn, children from household environments characterized by the above challenges are likely to confront the demands of multiple stressors related to their parents' adversities as these shape an early developmental environment of elevated stress.
Racial Differences in the Risk of Prenatal Depression Among Women Experiencing Childhood and Adult Stressors
2022, Maternal and Child Health JournalA Bayesian nonparametric approach to dynamic item-response modeling: An application to the GUSTO cohort study
2021, Statistics in MedicineMental health status of adolescents with adverse childhood experience and the influencing factors
2021, Journal of Central South University (Medical Sciences)