Journal of Affective Disorders
Volume 126, Issue 1 , Pages 88-95 , October 2010

Pre-morbid and outcome correlates of first episode mania with psychosis: Is a distinction between schizoaffective and bipolar I disorder valid in the early phase of psychotic disorders?

  • Philippe Conus

      Affiliations

    • Treatment and early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP), Département de Psychiatrie CHUV, Université de Lausanne, Clinique de Cery, 1008 Prilly, Switzerland
    • Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Treatment and early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP), Département Psychiatrie CHUV, Université Lausanne, Clinique de Cery, 1008 Prilly, Switzerland. Tel.: +41 21 643 61 11; fax: +41 21 643 64 69.
  • ,
  • Amal Abdel-Baki

      Affiliations

    • Clinique JAP, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
  • ,
  • Susy Harrigan

      Affiliations

    • Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
  • ,
  • Martin Lambert

      Affiliations

    • Psychosis Early Detection and Intervention Centre (PEDIC), Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
  • ,
  • Patrick D. McGorry

      Affiliations

    • Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
  • ,
  • Michael Berk

      Affiliations

    • Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
    • Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences: Barwon Health, University of Melbourne, Geelong, Australia
    • Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville, Australia

Received 12 November 2009 ,Revised 8 April 2010 ,Accepted 9 April 2010.

References 

  1. American Psychiatric Association . DSM-III-R: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 3rd ed.. Washington, DC: The Association; 1987;(revised)
  2. Andreasen N. The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Iowa City: University of Iowa; 1983;
  3. Averil P, Reas DL, Shack A, Shah NN, Cowan K, Krajewski K, et al. Is schizoaffective a stable diagnostic category: a retrospective examination. Psychiatr. Q. 2004;75:215–227
  4. Beck AT, Beck RW. Screening depressed patients in family practice. A rapid technique. Postgrad. Med. 1972;52:81–85
  5. Benabarre A, Vieta E, Colom F, Martinez-Aran A, Reinares M, Gasto C. Bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder and schizophrenia: epidemiologic, clinical and prognostic differences. Eur. Psychiatry. 2001;16:167–172
  6. Brokington IF, Meltzer HY. The nosology of schizoaffective psychosis. Psychiatr. Dev. 1983;4:317–338
  7. Crow TJ. The continuum of psychosis and its implication for the structure of the gene. Br. J. Psychiatry. 1986;149:419–429
  8. Forrester A, Owens DGC, Johnstone EC. Diagnostic stability in subjects with multiple admissions for psychotic illness. Psychol. Med. 2001;31:151–158
  9. Haahr U, Friis S, Larsen TK, Melle I, Johannessen JO, Opjordsmoen S, et al. First-episode psychosis: diagnostic stability over one and two years. Psychopathology. 2008;41:322–329
  10. Hamshere ML, Green EK, Jones IR, Jones L, Moskvina V, Kirov G, et al. Genetic utility of broadly defined bipolar schizoaffective disorder as a diagnostic concept. Br. J. Psychiatry. 2009;195(1):23–29
  11. Heinrichs D, Hanlon T, Carpenter WT. The Quality of Life Scale: an instrument for rating the schizophrenia deficit syndrome. Schizophr. Bull. 1984;10:388–398
  12. Kasanin K. The acute schizoaffective psychoses. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1933;90:97–126
  13. Kempf L, Hussain N, Potash JB. Mood disorders with psychotic features, schizoaffective disorder and schitophrenia with mood features: trouble at the boarders. Int. Rev. Psychiatry. 2005;17:9–19
  14. Kendler KS, McGuire M, Gruenberg AM, Walsh D. Examining the validity of DSM-III-R schizoaffective disorder and ist putative subtypes in the Roscommon Family Study. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1995;152:755–764
  15. Lake CR, Hurwitz N. Schizoaffective disorders are psychotic mood disorders; there are no schizoaffective disorders. Psychiatr. Res. 2006;143:255–287
  16. Lambert M, Naber D, Karow A, Huber CG, Köhler J, Heymann J, et al. Subjective wellbeing under quetiapine treatment: effect of diagnosis, mood state and anxiety. Schizophr. Res. 2009;110(1–3):72–79
  17. Laursen TM, Munk-Olse T, Nordentoft M, Mortensen PB. A comparison of selected risk factors for unipolar depressive disorder, bipolar affective disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia from a Danish population-based cohort. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2007;68:1673–1681
  18. Levitt JJ, Tsuang MT. The heterogeneity of schizoaffective disorder: implications for treatment. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1988;145:926–936
  19. Mahli GS, Green M, Fagiolini A, Peselow ED, Kumari V. Schizoaffective disorder: diagnostic issues and future recommendations. Bipolar Disord. 2008;10:215–230
  20. Maier W, Lichtermann D, Minges J, Heun R, Hallmayer J, Benkert O. Schizoaffective disorder and affective disorders with incongruent psychotic features: keep separate or combine? Evidence from a family study. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1992;149:1666–1673
  21. Marneros A. The schizoaffective phenomenon: the state of the art. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. Suppl. 2003;418:29–33
  22. McGorry PD, Goodwin R, Stuart G. The development, use and reliability of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (Nursing modification) — an assessment procedure for the nursing team in clinical and research settings. Compr. Psychiatry. 1988;29:575–587
  23. McGorry PD, Copolov DL, Singh BS. Royal Park Multidiagnostic Instrument for Psychosis: I. Rationale and review. Schizophr. Bull. 1990;16:501–515
  24. McGorry PD, Singh BS, Copolov DL, Kaplan I, Dossetor CR, van Riel RJ. Royal Park Multidiagnostic Instrument for Psychosis: II. Development, reliability and validity. Schizophr. Bull. 1990;16:517–536
  25. McGorry PD, Edwards J, Mihalopoulos C, Harrigan SM, Jackson H. EPPIC: an evolving system of early detection and otpimal management. Schizophr. Bull. 1996;22:305–326
  26. McGorry PD, Bell RC, Dudgeon PL, Jackson HJ. The dimensional structure of first episode psychosis: an explanatory factor analysis. Psychol. Med. 1998;28:935–947
  27. Overall JE, Gorham DR. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Psychol. Rep. 1962;10:799–812
  28. Procci WR. Schizo-affective psychosis: fact or fiction? A survey of the literature. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1976;33:1167–1178
  29. Reichneberg A, Weiser M, Rabinowtz J, Caspi A, Schmeidler J, Mark M, et al. A population based cohort study of premorbid intellectual, language and behaviour functioning in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and nonpsychotic bipolar disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2002;159:2027–2035
  30. Schimmelmann BG, Conus P, Edwards J, McGorry PD, Lambert M. Diagnostic stability 18months after treatment initiation for first-episode psychosis. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2005;66:1239–1246
  31. Schwartz JE, Fennig S, Tanenberg-Karant M, Carlson TJ, Craig T, Galambos N, et al. Congruence of diagnosis 2years after a First-admission diagnosis of psychosis. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2000;57:593–600
  32. Strakowski SM, Keck PE, Sax KW, McElroy SL, Hawkins JM. Twelve-month outcome of patients with DSM-III-R schizoaffective disorder: comparisons to matched patients with bipolar disorder. Schizophr. Res. 1999;35:167–174
  33. Torrent C, Martinez-Aran A, Amann B, Daban C, Tabares-SeisDedos R, Gonzales-Pinto A, et al. Cognitive impairment in schizoaffective disorder: a comparison with non-psychotic bipolar and healthy subjects. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2007;116:453–460

PII: S0165-0327(10)00337-X

doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2010.04.001

Journal of Affective Disorders
Volume 126, Issue 1 , Pages 88-95 , October 2010