Journal of Affective Disorders
Volume 88, Issue 1 , Pages 9-18 , September 2005

Risk factors associated with the development of postpartum mood disorders

  • Miki Bloch

      Affiliations

    • Psychiatric Service, Tel-Aviv Souraski Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
    • Psychiatric Department, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Psychiatric Service, Tel Aviv Souraski Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Str., Tel Aviv 64239, Israel. Tel./fax: +972 3 6974568.
    • ,
  • Nivi Rotenberg

      Affiliations

    • Shalvata Psychiatric Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
    • ,
  • Dan Koren

      Affiliations

    • Psychiatric Department, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
    • ,
  • Ehud Klein

      Affiliations

    • Psychiatric Department, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel

Received 7 July 2004 ,Revised 25 April 2005 ,Accepted 25 April 2005.

References 

  1. Appleby L, Gregoire A, Platz C, Prince M, Kumar R. Screening women for HR of postnatal depression. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 1994;38:539–545
  2. Bloch M, Schmidt PJ, Danaceau M, Murphy J, Nieman L, Rubinow DR. The role of gonadal steroid in post-partum depression. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2000;157(6):924–930
  3. Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R. Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1987;150:782–786
  4. Dean C, Williams RJ, Brockington IF. Is puerperal psychosis the same as bipolar manic-depressive disorder? A family study. Psychological Medicine. 1989;19:637–647
  5. Evins GG, Theofrastous JP, Galvin SL. Postpartum depression: a comparison of screening and routine clinical evaluation. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2000;182(5):1080–1082
  6. Glasser S, Barell V. Depression scale for research in and identification of postpartum depression. Harefuah. 1999;136:764–768
  7. Glasser S, Barell V, Shoham A, Ziv A, Boyko V, Lusky A, et al. Prospective study of postpartum depression in an Israeli cohort: prevalence, incidence and demographic risk factors. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 1998;19(3):155–164
  8. Gotlib IH, Whiffen VE, Wallace PM, Mount JH. Prospective investigation of postpartum depression: factors involved in onset and recovery. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 1991;100:122–132
  9. Graham CA, Ramos R, Bancrof J, Maglaya C, Farley TM. The effects of steroidal contraceptives on the well-being and sexuality of women: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, two center study of combined and progesterone-only methods. Contraception. 1995;52(6):363–369
  10. Hamilton JA, Parry BL, Blumenthal SJ. The menstrual cycle in context. I: affective syndromes associated with reproductive hormonal changes. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 1985;49:474–480
  11. Hannah P, Adams D, Lee A, Glover V, Sandler M. Links between early post-partum mood and post-natal depression. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1992;160:777–780
  12. Kendell RE. Emotional and physical factors in the genesis of puerperal mental disorders. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 1985;29:3–11
  13. Kessler RC, Avenevoli S, Merikangas K. Mood disorders in children and adolescents: an epidemiologic perspective. Biological Psychiatry. 2001;49(12):1002–1014
  14. Kumar R, Robson KM. A prospective study of emotional disorders in childbearing women. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1984;144:35–47
  15. Long TD, Kathol RG. Critical review of data supporting affective disorder caused by nonpsychotropic medication. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry. 1993;5(4):259–270
  16. McGill H, Burrows VL, Holland LA, Langer HG, Sweet MA. Postnatal depression: a Christchurch study. New Zealand Medical Journal. 1995;108:162–165
  17. O'Hara MW, Swain AM. Rates and risk of postpartum depression—a meta-analysis. International Review of Psychiatry. 1996;8:37–54
  18. O'Hara MW, Zekowski EM, Philipps LH, Wright EJ. Controlled prospective study of postpartum mood disorders: comparison of childbearing and nonchildbearing women. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 1990;99:3–15
  19. O'Hara MW, Schlechte JA, Lewis DA, Varner MW. Controlled prospective study of postpartum mood disorders: psychological, environmental, and hormonal variables. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 1991;100:63–73
  20. Paffenbarger RS. Epidemiological aspects of mental illness associated with childbearing. In:  Brockington IF,  Kumar R editor. Motherhood and Mental Illness. London: Academic Press; 1982;p. 21–36
  21. Parry BL, Newton RP. Chronobiological basis of female-specific mood disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001;25(5 Suppl.):S102–S108
  22. Paykel ES, Emms EM, Fletcher J, Rassaby ES. Life events and social support in puerperal depression. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1980;136:339–346
  23. Pearlstein TB, Frank E, Tovar AR, Thoft JS, Jacobs E, Mieczkowski TA. Prevalence of axis I and axis II disorders in women with late luteal phase dysphoric disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders. 1990;20:129–134
  24. Pigott TA. Gender differences in the epidemiology and treatment of anxiety disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 1999;60:15–184
  25. Pitt B. “Atypical” depression following childbirth. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1968;114:1325–1335
  26. Posner NA, Unterman RR, Williams KN, Williams GH. Screening for postpartum depression, an antepartum questionnaire. Journal of Reproductive Medicine. 1997;42:207–215
  27. Righetti-Veltema M, Conne-Perreard E, Bousquet A, Manzano J. Risk factors and predictive signs of postpartum depression. Journal of Affective Disorders. 1998;49(3):167–180
  28. Schmidt PJ, Nieman LK, Danaceau MA, Adams LF, Rubinow DR. Differential behavioral effects of gonadal steroids in women with and in those without premenstrual syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine. 1998;338:209–216
  29. Schraufnagel CD, Brumback RA, Harper CR, Weinberg WA. Affective illness in children and adolescents: patterns of presentation in relation to pubertal maturation and family history. Journal of Child Neurology. 2001;6(8):553–561
  30. Shalev, A.Y., Abramowitz, M.Z.Kaplan DeNour, A., 1994. Structured clinical interview for Axis I DSM IV—patient edition (Hebrew). Jerusalem Center for Traumatic Stress, Dept of Psychiatry, Hadassah University Hospital.
  31. Stowe ZN, Nemeroff CH. Women at risk for postpartum–onset major depression. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1995;173:639–645
  32. Sugawara M, Toda MA, Shima S, Mukai T, Sakakura K, Kitamura T. Premenstrual mood changes and maternal mental health in pregnancy and the postpartum period. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 1997;53:225–232
  33. Steiner M. Female-specific mood disorders. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1992;35(3):599–611
  34. Tamaki R, Murata M, Okano T. Risk factors for postpartum depression in Japan. Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. 1997;51(3):93–98
  35. Verkerk GJ, Pop VJ, Van Son MJ, Van Heck GL. Prediction of depression in the postpartum period: a longitudinal follow-up study in high-risk and low-risk women. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2003;77(2):159–166
  36. Warner P, Bancroft J. Factors related to self reporting of the pre menstrual syndrome. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1990;157:249–260
  37. Whiffen VE. Vulnerability of postpartum depression: a prospective multivariate study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 1988;97:467–474

PII: S0165-0327(05)00113-8

doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2005.04.007

Journal of Affective Disorders
Volume 88, Issue 1 , Pages 9-18 , September 2005

Article Tools