Journal of Affective Disorders
Volume 85, Issue 1 , Pages 77-83 , March 2005

Factorial structure and internal consistency of the German TEMPS-A scale: validation against the NEO-FFI questionnaire

  • Raffaela Blöink

      Affiliations

    • University Hospital for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle/Saale, Germany
    • ,
  • Peter Brieger

      Affiliations

    • University Hospital for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle/Saale, Germany
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +49-345-557-3681; fax: +49-345-557-3500.
    • ,
  • Hagop S. Akiskal

      Affiliations

    • International Mood Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
    • ,
  • Andreas Marneros

      Affiliations

    • University Hospital for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06097 Halle/Saale, Germany

Received 23 December 2002 ,Accepted 18 February 2003.

References 

  1. Akiskal HS, Djenderedjian AH, Rosenthal RH, Khani MK. Cyclothymic disorder: validating criteria for inclusion in the bipolar affective group. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1977;134:1227–1233
  2. Akiskal HS, Khani MK, Scott-Strauss A. Cyclothymic temperamental disorders. Psychiatr. Clin. North Am. 1979;2:527–554
  3. Akiskal HS, Mallya G. Criteria for the ‘soft’ bipolar spectrum: treatment implications. Psychopharmacol. Bull. 1987;23:68–73
  4. Akiskal HS. Delineating irritable-choleric and hyperthymic temperaments as variants of cyclothymia. J. Pers. Disord. 1992;6:326–342
  5. Akiskal HS, Akiskal K. Cyclothymic, hyperthymic and depressive temperaments as subaffective variants of mood disorders. In:  Tasman A,  Riba MB editor. Annual Review. Vol. 11:Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1992;p. 43–62
  6. Akiskal HS. The temperamental foundations of affective disorders. In:  Mundt C,  Hahlweg K,  Fiedler P editor. Interpersonal Factors in the Origin and Course of Affective Disorders. London: Gaskell; 1996;p. 3–30
  7. Akiskal HS, Placidi GF, Maremmani I, Signoretta S, Liguori A, Gervasi R, et al. TEMPS-I: delineating the most discriminant traits of the cyclothymic, depressive, hyperthymic and irritable temperaments in a nonpatient population. J. Affect. Disord. 1998;51:7–19
  8. Akiskal HS, Pinto O. Soft bipolar spectrum: footnotes to Kraepelin on the interface of hypomania, temperament and depression. In:  Marneros A,  Angst J editor. Bipolar Disorders: 100 Years after Manic-depressive Insanity. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic; 2000;p. 37–62
  9. Akiskal HS, Brieger P, Mundt C, Angst J, Marneros A. Temperament und affektive Störungen: Die TEMPS-A Skala als Konvergenz europäischer und US-amerikanischer Konzepte. [Temperament and affective disorders: the TEMPS-A scale as convergence of European and US-American concepts]. Nervenarzt. 2002;73:262–271
  10. Akiskal HS, Akiskal KK, Haykal RF, Manning JS, Connor PD. TEMPS-A: progress towards validation of a self-rated clinical version of the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire. J. Affect. Disord. 2005;85:3–16
  11. Akiskal HS, Mendlowicz MV, Jean-Louis G, Rapaport MH, Kelsoe JR, Gillin JC, et al. TEMPS-A: validation of a short version of a self-rated instrument designed to measure variations in temperament. J. Affect. Disord. 2005;85:45–52
  12. Akiskal HS, Akiskal K, Allilaire J-F, Azorin J-M, Bourgeois ML, Sechter D, et al. Validating affective temperaments in their subaffective and socially positive attributes: psychometric, clinical and familial data from a French national study. J. Affect. Disord. 2005;85:29–36
  13. Borkenau P, Ostendorf F. NEO-Fünf-Faktoren-Inventar (NEO-FFI) nach Costa and McCrae. Göttingen: Hogrefe; 1994;
  14. Brieger P, Marneros A. Komorbidität. In:  Marneros A editors. Handbuch der unipolaren und bipolaren Störungen. Stuttgart: Thieme; 1999;p. 446–483
  15. Costa PT, McCrae RR. NEO PI/FFI manual supplement. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources; 1989;
  16. Eysenck HJ. Dimensions of personality. The biopsychosocial approach to personality. In:  Strelau J,  Angleitner A editor. Explorations in Temperament. International Perspectives on Theory and Measurement. London: Plenum Press; 1991;p. 87–103
  17. Hantouche EG, Akiskal HS. Outils dévaluation clinique des temperaments affectifs [Clinical assessment of affective temperaments]. Encéphale. 1997;23(sp 1):27–33
  18. Hantouche EG, Kochman F, Akiskal HS. Evaluation des temperaments affectifs: version complète des outils d’auto-evaluation. Encéphale. 2001;28(sp III):24–30
  19. Klein DN, Depue RA. Obsessional personality traits and risk for bipolar affective disorder: an offspring study. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 1985;94:291–297
  20. Kraepelin E. Psychiatrie. Ein Lehrbuch für Studierende und Ärzte. (8. Auflage). Leipzig: Johann Ambrosius Barth; 1909–1915;
  21. Kretschmer E. Physique and Character. London: Kegan, Paul, Trench, Trubner; 1936;
  22. In:  Maser JD,  Cloninger CR editor. Comorbidity of Mood and Anxiety Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1990;
  23. Perugi G, Akiskal HS, Ramacciotti S, Nassini S, Toni C, Milanfranchi A, et al. Depressive comorbidity of panic, social phobic and obsessive-compulsive disorders: is there a bipolar II connection?. J. Psychiatr. Res. 1999;33:53–61
  24. Placidi GF, Signoretta S, Liguori A, Gervasi R, Maremmani I, Akiskal HS. The semi-structured affective temperament interview: I. Reliability and psychometric properties in 1010 14–26 year students. J. Affect. Disord. 1998;47:1–10
  25. Schneider K. Psychopathic Personalities. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas; 1958;
  26. Strelau J, Angleitner A. Explorations in Temperament. International Perspectives on Theory and Measurement. London: Plenum Press; 1991;

PII: S0165-0327(03)00101-0

doi: 10.1016/S0165-0327(03)00101-0

Journal of Affective Disorders
Volume 85, Issue 1 , Pages 77-83 , March 2005

Article Tools